Person

Norbert Wiener

Mathematician and founder of cybernetics—feedback, communication, and control in machines and organisms.

Why this matters

Wiener is foundational for serious systems—prediction, noise, and responsibility in coupled control loops.

Works

book

Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

Wiener, Norbert. *Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine*. 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1961.

Related books

Book

Coupling

Cohesion, Consequence, and the Architecture of Responsibility

A practical framework for seeing where systems are tightly joined, where they drift apart, and how those coupling choices shape accountability over time.